Examples of MLA Bibliographic and In-text Citations for Print Sources:

Books (1-4+ authors)

Preface, Forward, Introd.

Anthology

Government Document

Interview

Multivolume work

Pamphlet

Cartoon or Comic strip

Reference work (Dictionary/Encyclopedia, etc.)

Periodicals

Scholarly Journals

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BRIEF GUIDE TO THE 2009 EDITION OF THE MLA BIBLIOGRAPHIC FORM

Bibliographic Entries and Sample In-text Citations

Entries for nonperiodical print publications, such as books and pamphlets.

1. Name of the author, editor, compiler, or translator

2. Title of work (italicized)

3. Edition used

4. Number(s) of the volume(s) used

5. City of Publication, name of the publisher, and year of publication

6. Medium of publication consulted (Print)

Book with a single author—the author’s name, the title, and the publishing information must be given, each set off by a period. Note that the city of publication is given, with the state being added if the city is not well known.

Mill, John Stuart. The Subjection of Women. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1988. Print.

McManus, Patrick F. A Fine and Pleasant Misery. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston,

1978. Print.

A second work by the same author as that listed immediately prior

---.They Shoot Canoes, Don’t They. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1986. Print.

A book with two authors

Wellek, Rene, and Austin Warren. The Theory of Literature. New York: Harcourt, 1962. Print.

A book with three authors (Periodical articles use the same format for 3 authors)

Booth, Wayne C., Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams. The Craft of Research. 2^nd ed.

Chicago: U of Chicago P, 2003. Print.

Four or more authors—list the first author; then, add a comma and the words “et al.”

Plag, Ingo, et al. Introduction to English Linguistics. Berlin: Mouton, 2007. Print.

A Preface, Foreword, an Introduction

Allport, Gordon W. Preface. Man’s Search for Meaning. By Viktor E Frankl. New York: Pocket, 1963. Print.

Work in an anthology (a work in which there are various authors for different works)

O’Connor, Flannery. “The Life You Save May Be Your Own.” The Realm of Fiction: Seventy-

Four Stories. Ed. James B Hall and Elizabeth C. Hall. New York: McGraw, 1977. 479-88.

Print.

Blake, William. “The Sick Rose.” Poetry: An Introduction. Ed. Ruth Miller and Robert A Greenberg. New York: St. Martin’s, 1981. 89. Print.

Work in a collection/anthology that had been published previously

Oates, Joyce Carol. “The Undesirable Table.” Will You Always Love Me and Other Stories. (1996): 213-18. Rpt. in The Moral of the Story. Ed. Peter Singer and Renata Singer. Malden: Blackwell, 2005. 287-90. Print.

Note: If you cite two or more works from the same anthology, you may cite the entire anthology and then create cross references to it that include the author, title of the work, the last name of the editor(s) of the anthology, and the inclusive page numbers, as shown below:

Bowie, G. Lee, Kathleen M. Higgins, and Meredith W. Michaels, eds. Thirteen Questions in Ethics and Social Philosophy. New York: Harcourt, 1998. Print. [Entire anthology]

Hospers, John. “Profits and Liberty.” Bowie, Higgins, and Michaels 233-37.

Twain, Mark. “On the Decay of the Art of Lying.” Bowie, Higgins, and Michaels 222-25.

Government Document

If no author is given, first give the name of the government, then the name of the government agency that issued it, followed by the title and publishing information.

United States. Federal Communications Commission. Investigation of the Telephone Industry in the United States. 76^th Cong., 1^st Sess. H. Doc. 340. Washington: GPD, 1939. Print.

United Nations. Centre on Transnational Corporations. Foreign Direct Investment, the Service Sector, and International Banking. New York: United Nations, 1987. Print.

United States. Dept. of Labor. Child Care: A Workforce Issue. Washington : GPO, 1988. Print.

Public Agenda Foundation. The Health Care Crisis: Containing Costs, Expanding Coverage. New York: McGraw, 1992. Print.

Interview

Fellini, Federico. “The Long Interview.” Juliet of the Spirits. Ed. Tullio Kezich. Trans. Howard

Greenfield. New York: Ballantine, 1966. 17-64. Print.

Personal Interview

Multi-volume Work

Churchill, Winston S. A History of the English-Speaking Peoples. 4 vols. New York: Dodd, 1956-58. Print.

Wellek, René. A History of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950. 8 vols. New Haven: Yale UP, 1955-92. Print.

Note: If you are using only one volume of a multi-volume work and the volume as an individual title, you may cite the book with that volume only listed.

Churchill, Winston S. The Age of Revolution. Vol. 3. New York: Dodd, 1957. Print.

A Pamphlet (Treat as you would a book)

Career as an Aerospace-Aircraft Engineer. Chicago: Inst. for Research, 1978. Print.

Evans, Grose. French Painting of the Nineteenth Century in the National Gallery of Art.

Washington: Natl. Gallery of Art, 1980. Print.

Renoir Lithographs. New York: Dover, 1994. Print.

Cartoon or Comic Strip

Trudeau, Garry. “Doonesbury.” Comic Strip. Star-Ledger [Newark] 4 May 2002: 26. Print.

Article in a Reference Work (encyclopedia or dictionary): When the author of each entry is not given, begin with the term you looked up in quotes—do not list editors or publishing information.

“Mandarin.” Encyclopedia Americana. 1976 ed. Print.

“Monotheism and Polytheism.” Religion: A Cross-cultural Dictionary. 1996 ed. Print.

“Pediculosis.” The American Heritage College Dictionary. 3^rd ed. 1993. Print.

“Tiercel.” Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. 10^th ed. 1993. Print.

Entry in a Specialized Reference Work (encyclopedia or dictionary): If the author of each entry is given, give the author’s name and give full publication information, leaving out page numbers if the work is alphabetized. Identify the Medium, i.e., “Print.”

Allen, Anita L. “Privacy in Health Care.” Encyclopedia of Bioethics. Ed. Stephen G. Post. 3^rd ed.

Vol. 4. New York: Macmillan-Thomson, 2004. Print.

Long, Wilbur. “ Immanence.” Dictionary of Philosophy. Ed. Dagobert D. Runes. Totowa:

Rowman and Allanheld, 1984. Print.

Weatherford, Roy C. “Freedom and Determinism.” The Oxford Companion to Philosophy. Ed. Ted Honderich. Oxford: Oxford UP. 1995. Print.

Periodicals

Citing Periodical Print Publications: List and Arrangement:

1. Author’s name or names

2. Title of the article (in quotation marks)

3. Name of the periodical (italicized)

4. Series number or name (if relevant)

5. Volume number (for a scholarly journal)

6. Issue number (if available, for a scholarly journal)

7. Date of publication (for a scholarly journal, the year; for other periodicals, the day, month, and year, as available)

8. Inclusive page numbers

9. Medium of publication consulted (Print)

10. Supplementary information (if necessary)

Doyle, Phil, and Carolina Cruz-Neira. “Virtual Reality and Visualization in Education.” Syllabus May 1999: 18+. Print. (Note: when several non-sequential pages are listed, put the first page, followed by +.)

Gwynne, Peter. “All about Clones.” Newsweek 20 Mar. 1978: 68-69. Print.

Hall, Trish. “IQ Scores Are Up, and Psychologists Wonder Why.” New York Times 24 Feb.1998, late ed.: F1+. Print.

McLaughlin, Ellyn. “Making Peer Evaluation and Self-Evaluation More Effective.” The Teaching Professor June/July 1999:11-12. Print.

Goodwin, Doris Kearns. “Defeat your Opponents. Then Hire Them.” Editorial. New York Times 3 Aug.2008, late ed.: WK11. Print.

Letter to the editor—add the label Letter after the author’s name (do not underline or put in quotes).

Safer, Morley. Letter. New York Times 31 Oct. 1993, late ed., sec.2: 4. Print.

Periodical article: unknown author.

(Ignore initial The, A, or An when alphabetizing.)

Scholarly journal (usually issued 2, 3, or 4 times a year): put the volume and issue numbers before the year, put the year in parentheses (omit the month or season), place a colon after the parentheses, and, finally, show the pages. (Distinctions between paginated and non-paginated journals are gone in the 2009 MLA edition.)

Weinert, Regina. “The Role of Formulaic Language in Second Language Acquisition: A Review.” Applied Linguistics 16.2 (1995): 180-205. Print.

Yeh, Michelle. “The ‘Cult of Poetry’ in Contemporary China” Journal of Asian Studies

55.3(1996): 51-80. Print.

Irwin, Theodore. “To Combat Child Abuse and Neglect.” Public Affairs Pamphlet 508.3 (1974): 3-17. Print.